In economics, physical capital or just capital is a factor of production (or input into the process of production), consisting of machinery, buildings, computers, and the like. The production function takes the general form Y=f(K, L), where Y is the amount of output produced, K is the amount of capital stock used and L is the amount of labor used.

Download Blur Song 2 320 Kbps Mp3 Encoder. 3/31/2017 0 Comments Livin' On A Prayer 4'0. Jon Bon Jovi, Richie Sambora & Desmond Child(P) Poly.

In economic theory, physical capital is one of the three primary factors of production, also known as inputs in the production function. The others are natural resources (including land), and labor — the stock of competences embodied in the labor force. 'Physical' is used to distinguish physical capital from human capital (a result of investment in the human agent)), circulating capital, and financial capital.[1][2] 'Physical capital' is fixed capital, any kind of real physical asset that is not used up in the production of a product.

Usually the value of land is not included in physical capital as it is not a reproducible product of human activity.

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Post not appearing? Bomb Factory Pultec Bundle Crackle more. If you made a post to that is in accordance with our rules as listed above, and it doesn't seem to appear on the front page, please. I tried to post this in but it got removed.maybe some people here will find it interesting (if you can get past the headphones I used, that is). Inspired by, I decided to give myself an ABX test between flac and 320 mp3. Here's how I went about it, and the results.

To start, I tried to choose a variety of source material. The songs I ended up using were: Miles Davis 'Flamenco Sketches' (Kind of Blue, 1997 remaster); Primus 'Jerry Was a Race Car Driver' (Sailing the Seas of Cheese, 1991); Talking Heads 'I Get Wild/Wild Gravity' (Speaking in Tongues, 1983); and Townes Van Zandt 'If I Needed You' (Live at the Old Quarter, 2002). I did a fresh rip of each from CD using EAC to WAV (no errors occurred in the rips). I then converted the WAVs to flac and mp3 using foobar. The flac conversion was at level 5, and the mp3 conversion was lame 320 cbr. After converting I compared each pair of compressed files using ReplayGain in foobar, and none had a difference in peak level of more than a hundredth of a db. I didn't think this tiny difference would matter in terms of perceived volume level.

The playback was done on my Windows 7 machine with foobar set to playback with WASAPI. Beyond that, I just plugged in my Audio-Technica ATH-M50 headphones. More on that later. To do the actual comparison, I used the ABX Comparator plugin mentioned in the thread linked above. I did 10 trials with each track, and used a one minute segment of each track (I only have so much free time.).

Here are the results, in the order I did the tracks: foo_abx 2.0.2 report foobar2000 v1.3.9 2017-03-28 19:59:33 File A: Miles Davis - Flamenco Sketches.flac SHA1: d63f9bdc13f4c7dcaeaf64b7788bef File B: Miles Davis - Flamenco Sketches.mp3 SHA1: c455671c55eda01226f1abfeee221e2d1d9772e6 Output: WASAPI (push): Realtek HD Audio 2nd output (Realtek High Definition Audio), 24-bit Crossfading: NO 19:59:33: Test started. 20:01:15: 00/01 20:02:20: 00/02 20:03:27: 01/03 20:04:32: 01/04 20:05:35: 02/05 20:06:43: 03/06 20:07:47: 04/07 20:08:52: 05/08 20:09:55: 05/09 20:10:58: 06/10 20:10:58: Test finished. Total: 6/10 Probability that you were guessing: 37.7% I wasn't ready to draw any conclusions yet, so I moved on to the next track. Foo_abx 2.0.2 report foobar2000 v1.3.9 2017-03-28 20:14:51 File A: Primus - Jerry Was a Race Car Driver.flac SHA1: f2866d43667c9fc8b163b281b8bfa4 File B: Primus - Jerry Was a Race Car Driver.mp3 SHA1: d804f95826c1e9fd0cc8d7837ed7d908d7e38ce2 Output: WASAPI (push): Realtek HD Audio 2nd output (Realtek High Definition Audio), 24-bit Crossfading: NO 20:14:51: Test started. 20:16:17: 01/01 20:17:25: 02/02 20:18:30: 02/03 20:19:37: 03/04 20:20:43: 03/05 20:21:48: 04/06 20:22:53: 04/07 20:23:59: 05/08 20:25:04: 06/09 20:26:08: 06/10 20:26:08: Test finished.

Total: 6/10 Probability that you were guessing: 37.7% Interesting that my totals matched so far. I was wondering if this pattern would hold. Foo_abx 2.0.2 report foobar2000 v1.3.9 2017-03-28 20:27:17 File A: Talking Heads - I Get Wild,Wild Gravity.flac SHA1: da95b109213d0f2277da78e6c330b5 File B: Talking Heads - I Get Wild,Wild Gravity.mp3 SHA1: e58228e23fb3b014d1104f196fd4b9cd0513363d Output: WASAPI (push): Realtek HD Audio 2nd output (Realtek High Definition Audio), 24-bit Crossfading: NO 20:27:17: Test started.

20:28:45: 00/01 20:29:51: 01/02 20:30:55: 02/03 20:32:00: 02/04 20:33:04: 02/05 20:34:09: 03/06 20:35:14: 04/07 20:36:18: 04/08 20:37:24: 04/09 20:38:28: 04/10 20:38:28: Test finished. Total: 4/10 Probability that you were guessing: 82.8% Whoa, what's going on with this one? I actually felt more lost with this test than the previous tracks. While listening to this one, I felt less like I could hear a difference.less confident in my choices than with the previous tracks. Maybe this was just an anomaly though. Foo_abx 2.0.2 report foobar2000 v1.3.9 2017-03-28 20:39:23 File A: Townes Van Zandt - If I Needed You.flac SHA1: 3a560421aa548ef0a0884e8dd4135fe1ffe72861 File B: Townes Van Zandt - If I Needed You.mp3 SHA1: 5e3f012b8bc147eb8bc672ffdb09ce Output: WASAPI (push): Realtek HD Audio 2nd output (Realtek High Definition Audio), 24-bit Crossfading: NO 20:39:23: Test started. 20:40:47: 00/01 20:42:01: 00/02 20:43:10: 00/03 20:44:20: 00/04 20:45:29: 00/05 20:46:39: 00/06 20:47:46: 00/07 20:48:54: 01/08 20:50:02: 02/09 20:51:09: 02/10 20:51:09: Test finished.

Total: 2/10 Probability that you were guessing: 98.9% Again, I didn't feel confident about my choices as I was making them. Obviously the result speaks for itself. I'm no statistician, and it's certainly possible that my methodology was lacking. Certainly my playback equipment isn't going to impress anyone.

The reason was simply that my headphone DAC and amp is currently set up with my Raspberry Pi (can't use the ABX Comparator on that), and my 'real' stereo is currently not connected to any computer. Maybe once I get a new computer set up with my 'real' stereo I'll try this again. Honestly, though, I have doubts about whether any of that will truly matter.

I will likely try this again on that equipment with some different tracks, but for now I thought the above results were interesting enough to share. Bottom line: I currently have no confidence that I can reliably hear any difference between flac and 320 mp3. That said, storage is cheap enough that I feel fine with continuing to save my music in flac whenever possible. Getting strictly FLAC is a nice investment IMO, but using Spotify premium or Apple music is already enough for most cases. Also, 320 Kbps MP3 is pretty transparent if the encoders are good, and probably it'll only be a touch better on FLAC. Probably the soundstage will be slightly wider, maybe there's sliighty more clarity and bla bla bla I suppose you're kinda correct on your gear being 'okay'.

Not to hate on the set, the M50 is really fun sounding, but it doesn't really have soundstage frankly. Pairing an M40x with the current setup might just help a bit. It's a lot more neutral and has bigger soundstage and it's cheaper. Thanks for the results though! This is an interesting read, and I hope I can do some ABX on my own someday • • • •. I can tell the difference between a 24bit master (one that I've worked on) and a 16 bit master (I perceive it more as 'depth', frequency-wise everything is there). Comparing the same 24 bit master to a 320k MP3 (LAME CBR) is night and day on my Crane Song Avocet, Bowers & Wilkins 2.1 system, in my soundproofed/sound treated listening space.

On headphones? I really can't tell for shit (FLAC vs MP3, I think it's because of the lack of room with headphones). BTW, a lot of the FLACs people buy are made from dithered, truncated 16bit masters (not 24bit original, full resolution files). The fact that this was removed from, aka the official subreddit of 'I swear I can hear the difference!' Is both hilarious and unsurprising. That's not how we operate and posts like this are always encouraged.

The only posts that are removed are the ones that violate the rules. OPs post in was picked up by our filter for mentioning headphone keywords. The bot directs headphone topics here and lets posters know that their post was removed.

OP did let us know of the error and I approved a few hours ago. Edit - a word • • • • •. I have heard that not all Spotify recordings are encoded equally. It depends on whether or not they can get the lossless file to re-encode it. 'Premium' Spotify is supposed to be the highest they can get it, up to 320kbps. It's completely possible that there are some albums on Spotify that aren't true 320kbps but maybe v0 or v2?

Keep in mind I have no source for this, but it's what I've read online. I find Google Play and Tidal to be 'warmer' and more 'engaging' than Spotify for quite a few albums. Could be psychological. Edit: Could also be different presses/prints of the same album. A web rip vs.

A remaster CD. If only we can do ABX on Spotify and Tidal. That would end the debate once and for all! As for this case, now I'm not an avid user of FLACs, since I stream 99% of my music but perhaps there's some compression going on in Spotify or Tidal. Or maybe the song's the same, but only placebo effect. Lastly, there's an issue of the song coming from a different album.

These 3 can prove to be the so-called culprit Also, regarding the song from different album, I don't know what song you're listening to, but if it's got a remaster, or it's from artists long gone, sometimes there's a few people taking the master and then made a remastered song. The problem with remastered song (Especially around half decade ago-ish) is that they put some compression in the song, making the 'image' of the song flatter since the loudest and the softest noise is now as loud as each other. Perhaps that's where the source of difference But then, I can't verify it at all • • • • •.